What is an escrow?

Understanding The Escrow Process

As a first-time home buyer, understanding the concept of escrow is crucial. Escrow refers to a financial arrangement where a third party holds and manages funds, documents, and other assets during a real estate transaction. It acts as a neutral intermediary between the buyer and seller to ensure a smooth and secure transaction. Here's a breakdown of how escrow works:


Opening Escrow

Once your offer on a home is accepted by the seller, the process of opening escrow begins. You and the seller will select an escrow agent, typically a title company or an attorney, to handle the transaction.


Earnest Money Deposit

As part of the initial offer, you will be required to submit an earnest money deposit, which is a sum of money that demonstrates your serious intent to purchase the property. This deposit is held in escrow until the deal is finalized.


Title Search and Inspections

During the escrow period, various tasks are carried out, such as a title search to ensure the property's ownership is clear, and inspections to assess the condition of the home. These steps help identify any issues or liens that may affect the purchase.


Mortgage and Insurance

If you're obtaining a mortgage, your lender will require you to secure homeowners insurance. The escrow agent will verify these arrangements and ensure they align with the terms of the purchase agreement.


Contingencies and Negotiations

Escrow allows for contingencies, such as appraisal and financing contingencies, which give you the option to back out of the deal if certain conditions aren't met. The escrow agent helps facilitate negotiations and ensures the agreed-upon terms are met by both parties.


Closing Documentation

As the closing date approaches, the escrow agent prepares the necessary documentation, including the settlement statement, loan documents, and title transfer documents. These documents are reviewed, signed, and notarized by the buyer and seller.


Funds and Title Transfer

Once all the conditions are met, including the loan funding and the completion of required inspections, the buyer's funds, including the down payment and closing costs, are transferred to the escrow account. Simultaneously, the title of the property is transferred from the seller to the buyer.


Disbursement and Closing

The escrow agent disburses the funds to the appropriate parties, such as the seller, real estate agents, and any other relevant parties involved in the transaction. Once the disbursement is complete, the escrow is considered closed, and you officially become the owner of the property.


Escrow provides a secure and transparent process for handling the financial aspects of a real estate transaction, ensuring that funds, documents, and the transfer of ownership occur smoothly and fairly. The escrow agent plays a vital role in coordinating these activities, providing protection for both the buyer and seller throughout the home buying process.

By Noah Manning November 12, 2025
Bay Area Market Holds Steady as Confidence Builds On the real estate front, there’s plenty of nuance in the market right now. As technology accelerates and information can feel overwhelming, I’m deeply grateful to serve as a guide—helping clients interpret the data and navigate the process of buying or selling in one of the most dynamic and beautiful markets in the world. Strategy and clarity matter more than ever. As 2025 winds down, the Bay Area housing market continues to show quiet strength. Inventory has eased slightly since October, holding near 10,500 homes for sale , which remains above last year’s levels but is trending lower as sellers pull back for the holidays. Meanwhile, demand has held firm, buoyed by mortgage rates hovering in the low 6% range , their lowest levels in over a year. Nationally, pending home sales remain near their second-strongest pace of 2025, signaling renewed buyer confidence even amid mixed economic signals. Locally, showing traffic and refinance activity both reflect a steady sense of momentum. Economic Backdrop: Signs of Renewal At our recent Bay Area REAL Collective Mastermind , economist Dr. Lawrence Souza shared encouraging insights on what is unfolding beneath the surface of our regional economy. AI is fueling a new Bay Area resurgence. While some established tech companies continue selective layoffs, a surge of AI startups and data-center investment is generating new hiring and office demand, particularly in San Francisco and Silicon Valley . Migration back to core markets is underway as professionals return toward San Francisco, the Peninsula, and East Bay hubs such as Walnut Creek and Pleasant Hill. San Francisco’s quiet comeback: office occupancy, rents, and venture-capital inflows are climbing again, even as national headlines lag behind what is happening on the ground. Rates and policy: The Federal Reserve may hold rates steady through year-end, with modest cuts possible in 2026 , although tariff policies could temper that progress. Together, these dynamics suggest the Bay Area is entering the early phase of another tech-driven growth cycle, one likely to support long-term housing stability. What We’re Seeing in the Housing Market Inventory is stable. There are approximately 10,500 active listings Bay Area–wide (down 3 percent month over month and up 8 percent year over year). Alameda and Contra Costa remain balanced with 80–85 days on market, while Marin and Sonoma average 100–110 days. Demand is steady. Pending sales are flat from October, with well-priced homes continuing to draw strong interest, particularly under $1.5 million in the East Bay. San Francisco shows renewed energy. Days on market have tightened to around 68, with increased mid-tier activity. Luxury market cooling modestly. Listings priced above $4 million are taking four to five months to sell on average. Regional Market Pulse — November 2025 East Bay — Alameda and Contra Costa Counties The East Bay market remains balanced and steady as we move toward year-end. Inventory has eased slightly, but demand remains strong, especially for homes under $1.5 million , where well-priced listings continue to attract multiple offers. Average market time hovers around 80 days , yet that figure masks a clear divide. Strategically priced, well-presented homes often sell in one to two weeks, while overambitious listings linger far longer. The region continues to benefit from migration back toward the core , with professionals returning to East Bay hubs such as Walnut Creek and Pleasant Hill . This trend echoes economist Dr. Lawrence Souza’s observation of the Bay Area’s AI-driven resurgence. Pulse: A tale of two markets. Precise pricing and presentation drive quick sales, while overpricing leads to extended time on market. North Bay — Marin and Sonoma Counties The North Bay has eased into a quieter seasonal rhythm, with average market times around 100–110 days . Still, standout properties that are beautifully presented, well-located, and realistically priced often attract strong early activity and sell within the first two weeks. Buyers here remain patient and discerning, seeking homes that align with lifestyle and long-term value. While broader AI and tech-sector growth is centered further south, spillover confidence and equity migration continue to support North Bay demand, particularly among move-up buyers and remote professionals seeking space and calm. Pulse: Slower averages conceal quick wins for turnkey, well-positioned listings. Strategy and timing remain key. San Francisco San Francisco continues to show steady buyer energy, particularly in the $1 million to $2 million range, where days on market average around 68 . Move-in-ready homes that are priced correctly can still draw multiple offers within 10 to 14 days, signaling renewed local confidence. Economically, the city is experiencing a quiet comeback. Venture capital activity, office absorption, and AI-related hiring are all trending upward, laying the groundwork for the next wave of market strength. Higher-end listings above $3 million are taking longer to move as buyers weigh options and price sensitivity remains high. Pulse: The city’s mid-tier segment is moving briskly. Overall averages reflect slower luxury velocity and selective pricing. A Tale of Two Markets Well-prepared, strategically priced homes continue to attract multiple offers and premium prices, while optimistically priced listings are lingering. This creates opportunities for patient, prepared buyers who are ready to act decisively when the right property appears. Mortgage Rates Continue to Support Buyers Rates remain in the low 6 percent range, with some jumbo loans closer to 5.9 to 6.1 percent. Refinance activity has picked up, and buyers who were priced out earlier in the year are re-engaging as affordability improves. Looking Ahead With economic momentum returning to the Bay Area’s core markets, a disciplined, data-driven approach remains key. Strategy and clarity matter more than ever. Whether buying or selling, having an experienced advisor to interpret the numbers and the nuances behind them can make all the difference.  Data Source: Market data compiled from ReportsOnHousing.com and local MLS statistics. See the full Bay Area report below for detailed trends, county snapshots, and year-over-year comparisons.
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